THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FINDING MISSING LYRIC STRATEGY
IN LISTENING COMPREHENSION OF THE STUDENTS FOR THE ELEVENTH GRADE IN SMA NEGERI
2 LUBUKLINGGAU
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
By:
DESVA ARIASANTI
STUDENT NUMBER 2113039
ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM
LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT
INSTITUETE OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
TEACHERS ASSOCIATION OF THE REPUBLIC INDONESIA
(STKIP-PGRI) LUBUKLINGGAU 2015
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background
Listening is
receiving language through the ears. Listening involves identifying the sounds
of speech and sentences. When we listen, we use our ears to receive individual
sounds (letters, stress, rhythm and pauses) and we use our brain to convert
these into message that mean something to us (English club: 2014).
According to
oxford (1993:206), listening is a complex, problem solving skill and it is more
than just perception of the sound. Listening includes comprehension of meaning
bearing words, phrases, clauses, sentences and connects discourse.
Moreover, based
on Rubin (1995:7), listening is conceived of as an active process in which
listeners select and interpret information which comes from auditory and visual
clues in order to define what is going on and what the speakers are trying to
express.
In other words
listening is the receiving language through the ears to catch the information
or knowledge from the speakers. With active listener we can get the message
from the speakers and we can know what the speakers try to express to the
listeners. But if we seldom and do not listen carefully what the speakers say,
so we can not get the information or the message.
Listening is an
interaction between speaker and listener. Listening is skill that is difficult
to be master, because it needs more attention and concentration to comprehend
the sound. So that why many students in senior high school still confuse and
feel difficult to comprehend what they listen.
According to Wakhid
Nashruddin (2013:3) Listening is difficult skill in second languages learning.
The difficulty is caused by many factors varying from the difference of sound
between the second language learner first language and the second language he
or she is learning, his or her lack of vocabulary, his or her grammatical
unawareness, to pragmatic differences between the two languages.
The students can
avoid to loss the message or information from the speakers and they may avoid
the difficulties when they listen through some strategies when they study. The
students also may improve their achievement in listening comprehension though
that strategy. One of the strategies that can be used by teacher is using media
to support the teaching learning process. There are some media that can be used
in teaching listening for example western songs.
Listening using
western songs, is more interesting for students’ activities. As we know that
song is always follow us everywhere and almost of students like sing a song
included western song. Western songs are a complete language package which
within culture, vocabulary, listening and grammar. Western songs can give a
relax lesson when they study. So they will not feel boring.
From the statements
above the researcher interests to do the research because she wants to try teaching
listening comprehension use song especially through finding missing lyric
strategy.
The researcher
conducts the research with the title “The
Effectiveness of Finding Missing Lyric Strategy in Listening Comprehension of
The Students for the Eleventh Grade in SMA Negeri 2 Lubuklinggau in The Academic
Year 2014/2015.”
By using this strategy,
the researcher hopes that the finding missing lyric strategy will help the
students to increase their achievement in listening comprehension and this
strategy is expected can be useful both of the students or the teachers especially
in listening comprehension.
B.
Statement
of The Problem
The problem in
this research is formulated in the following the question: “is it significantly
effective to use finding missing lyric strategy in teaching listening for The
Eleventh Grade in SMA Negeri 2 Lubuklinggau in The Academic Year 2014/2015?”
C.
Delimitation
of The Research
To make clear in
this research, the researcher limits the problem which consists of the
students, the method and the material. The limitation of this research is
follows:
1. The
Students in this research refers to the Eleventh Grade in SMA Negeri 2
Lubuklinggau in The Academic Year 2014/2015.
2. The
method is used to teaching listening comprehension is finding missing lyric
strategy.
3. The
material of teaching listening comprehension of this research is western song
from Westlife on the title of “Beautiful in White”.
D.
Objective
of The Research
The objective of
this research is to find out whether or not it is effective to use finding
missing lyric strategy in teaching listening for The Eleventh Grade in SMA
Negeri 2 Lubuklinggau.
E.
Significance
of The Research
The researcher
expects that the result of this research would give the contributions for the
students, the English teacher and the other researchers. This significance of
the research is as follows:
1. To
the students
The students can
increase their ability in listening comprehension.
2. To
the English teachers
The English teachers
can get a new strategy to teach listening comprehension for students.
3. To
the other researchers
The other researchers
will increase their knowledge and get a new experience in teaching listening.
F.
Definition
of Key Terms
To avoid the readers
from misunderstanding, it is necessary for the researcher to present the
definition of key terms. They are as follows:
1. Finding
missing lyric
Finding missing lyric
is to find out the missing word in the song.
2. Listening
comprehension
Listening comprehension is the
capability to understanding about some information which is presented orally by
speakers.
CHAPTER
II
LITERATURE
REVIEW
A.
Theoretical
Description
1.
Listening
Comprehension
Listening Comprehension
is a critical skill which students need to learn and practice. Clearly, there
is more to teaching listening comprehension than playing a CD and asking
students to fill in the blanks. Some habits of "good listeners" and how
we can apply them in the classroom will be discussed.
We live in a world of sound. In our daily lives, we
spend far more time listening than speaking, reading or writing (Morley:1991).
We must remind ourselves that "Speaking does
not of itself constitute communication unless what is said is comprehended by
another person" (Rivers cited in Morley, 1991:82). Surely this shows the
importance of listening comprehension, and implies that teachers need to
allocate a considerable amount of classroom time to teaching and practicing it.
Listening is always assumes as a passive skill like
reading. Which means that students receive all the information they gain from
listening materials without further activity of producing something either in
written or spoken form.
According to Buck (2001:31) “listening comprehension
is an active process of constructing meaning, and that this done by applying
knowledge to the incoming sound”. He also stated that “listening comprehension
is a process that is very complex process, and if we want measure it, we must
first understand how that process works”. Listening is important in the
language classroom because it provides input for the learner, because of
listening is fundamental of speaking skill.
Based on the statement above, it can be said that
listening comprehension is one of the language skills that are frequently used
in everyday life. We spend our time mostly for listening for our teacher,
friends, family, lectures, radio, music, movie, television and others. In order
to communicate effectively we have to be able to hear what the other person is
speaking.
The purpose of listening can be
categorized into some types:
1. To
gain information
2. To
distinguish between fact and opinion
3. To
identify main ideas
4. To
summarize ideas
5. To
make inferences
6. To
follow direction
7. To
gratify the listener’s sense
8. To
sense emotion and moods through words use the manner of delivery
9. The
form sensory images, and to discriminate between the sound
2.
Finding
Missing Lyric
Lyric can be
studied from an academic perspective. Lyric can also be analyzed with respect
to sense of unity it has with its supporting music. Lyric is simple word of
song. The lyric or song texts do not only as a complement of the song, but also
as an important part of the music elements which determine the theme, character
and mission of the song. It can also make sense be stable. To know the sense of
the song, we can feel the rhythm and melody, harmony and voice of the singer by
the singing of the song.
Finding missing
lyric is a learning method for the students to predict possible missing lyric
from a song. Students can fill in blanks in song lyrics, rearrange lines or
verses, or listen to songs and say what mood or message they convey (2007:143).
B.
Related
Previous Research
After survey the
literature of this research, the researcher finds a research that discuss about
“Teaching Listening Comprehension Using missing Words to the Eleventh Year
Students of SMA Negri 4 Lubuklinggau”. She is a student of STKIP PGRI
Lubuklinggau.
Her thesis has
similarities and differences from the researcher’s research. The similarities
between the researcher’s research and Wahyuni Fitrianti’s thesis have same
dependent variable that is teaching listening comprehension. The differences
are the method of the teaching. The researcher’s research use finding missing
lyric in the song, but Wahyuni Fitrianti’s use missing words in the text in her
teaching.
Wahyuni
Fitrianti’s thesis finds that missing words is significantly effective in
teaching listening comprehension to the eleventh year students of SMA Negri 4
Lubuklinggau.
CHAPTER
III
METHOD
OF RESEARCH
A.
Research
design
In this
research, the researcher uses experimental research with descriptive
quantitative. Experimental research is a powerful research method to establish
cause and effects relationship.
Ary et al (2007:
338) states “Experimental research design is scientific investigation in which
the researcher manipulates one or more independent variables, controls any
other relevant variables, and observes the effect of a manipulation on the
dependent variables(s)”.
In this
research, the researcher uses pre-experimental design using one group pre-test
and post-test design. It means that one group will be treated and they will be
test before and after the treatment conduct. This research is classified as
pre-experimental design. In the one-group pre-test and post-test design, a
single group is measured or observed not only after being exposed to a
treatment but also before. The experimental group will be conduct by using
pre-test before treatment and post-test for result of treatment as instrument
to collecting data.
The researcher
teaches one class but divide into two different conditions. Firstly, they are
become control group and secondly become experimental group. The researcher
provides a pre test and post test. Pre test is given before the material is given
by the researcher and post test in the last meeting. The researcher conducts
several meeting in teaching listening. In the first meeting, the researcher
gives listening test to the students, it is called pre test. After several
teaching and learning listening by using the finding missing lyric strategy,
the students have test again, it is called post test.
The research
design is as follows:
Table 1
The Research Design
|
Pre-Test
|
Treatment
|
Post
Test
|
|
Y1
|
X
|
Y2
|
Where:
X : Listening treatment
Y1 : Students’ achievement on listening
comprehension before listening treatment
Y2 : Students’ achievement on listening comprehension
after listening treatment
According to Ary et al (2006:37), a variable is a
concept that stands for variation within a class of objects. Variables can be
classified in several ways. The most important classification is on the basis
of their use within the research under the consideration, when they are
classified as independent variables or dependent variables.
Independent variable is an attributes or
characteristics that influences or affects an outcome (Creswell, 2008:127). The
independent variable in this research is learning strategy using the finding
missing lyric strategy. Dependent variable is an attributes or characteristics
that is dependent on, or influenced by the independent variable (Creswell
2008:127). In this research the dependent variable is to build students
listening ability.
The
chart is shown as follows:
Chart 1
Students’ Achievement in Listening
Comprehension
|
|
Research Variable
Independent Variable Dependent Variable
B.
Population
and Sample
1.
Population
According to Gay
(1992:140) population is the group to which researcher would like the result of
a study to be generalizable.
Moreover, according
to Arikunto (2010:173) Population is a set (or collection) of all elements
processing one or more attributes of interest.
While According
to Ary, (2002:163), population is the larger group to which a researcher wishes
to generalize, it includes all members of defined class of people, events or
object. To will get the real data in this research, the researcher decides to choose
the population of the students in the
eleventh grade in SMA Negeri 2 Lubuklinggau.
Table 2
The Population of he Research
|
No
|
Classes
|
Number
Of Students
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
XI IA 1
XI IA 2
XI IA 3
XI IS 1
XI IS 2
XI IS 3
|
38
35
32
32
30
29
|
|
TOTAL
|
196
|
(source:
SMA Negri 2 Lubuklinggau in the academic year 2014/2015)
2.
Sample
According to Gay
(1992:123) sample is the individual selected comprise. Selection of a sample is
a very important step in conducting a research. Regardless of the specific
technique use, the steps in sampling include identification of the population,
determination of require sample size and selection of sample.
Sample is a part
of population to will observe, which can represent all the characteristics of
population. To make research, the researcher decides to choose the class XI IS
1 which consists of 32 students as the sample of the research.
C.
Research
Instrument
According to Sugiono
(2008:102) instrument is the generic term that researchers use for a
measurement device (survey, test, questionnaire, etc). Research instrument is
the process of developing, testing and using the device.
The researcher decides
to use test as research instrument. Based on Arikunto (2010:193) test is a set
of question or exercise or by any means which is used to measure the skill and
the knowledge, intelligence, ability or talent proposed by individual or a
group of people.
CONCLUSION
This research is
entitled “The Effectiveness of Finding
Missing Lyric Strategy in Listening Comprehension of the Students for the
Eleventh Grade in SMA Negeri 2 Lubuklinggau in The Academic Year
2014/2015”. The researcher interests to make this research because she wants to
try teaching listening comprehension use song especially through finding
missing lyric strategy.
The suitable design of this research is descriptive
quantitative. The researcher uses pre-experimental design using
one group pre-test and post-test design. The method in this research is finding
missing lyric strategy with the material is western song from westlife on the
title “Beauty in White”.
The population
that researcher chooses is the eleventh grade students in SMA Negri 2
Lubuklinggau which have six classes with total population is 169 students. The
sample is from class IX IS 1 which consists of 32 students.
REFERENCES
Oxford, R L. 1993. Research update on teaching L2
listening. System, 21 (2).
